Negative results are imputed as half the cutoff value. resource. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 source centre remains active. Associated Data Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary File (Term) mmc1.doc (68K) GUID:?3BD87BD7-D712-48CE-8EC8-B65EA1FEF9CC Studies in adult patients with kidney diseases have shown an attenuated immune response to natural coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 vaccination.1 The pivotal trial of BNT162b2 proven a far higher neutralizing antibody titer in adolescents than in adults.2 Yet, the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in adolescent individuals receiving kidney alternative therapy or those who are on immunosuppression remains unknown. One of our seeks in the Covid-19 Vaccination in Adolescents and Children study (ClinicalTrials.gov trial sign up quantity NCT04800133) was to determine the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 (tozinameran, Fosun-BioNTech) in adolescent individuals with kidney diseases and those who are immunocompromised and to compare their immune reactions against healthy adolescents naive to COVID-19. The study was authorized by the Institutional Review Table of the University or college of Hong Kong/Hospital Expert Hong Kong Western Cluster (UW21-157). Twenty individuals aged 12 to 18 years were enrolled from 2 tertiary pediatric nephrology devices in Hong Kong, and their characteristics are summarized in Table?1 . At analysis, 11 individuals experienced glomerulopathy, 5 individuals experienced hereditary nephropathy such as Alport syndrome and cystic kidney diseases, 3 individuals experienced congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, and 1 individual experienced ischemic nephropathy due to perinatal asphyxia. Treatment-wise, 6 participants were on dialysis, with 4 on peritoneal Vortioxetine dialysis and 2 on hemodialysis. Six individuals received a kidney transplant from deceased donors, and 8 individuals with glomerulopathy did not require kidney alternative therapy and were on immunosuppressive therapy only. All other individuals were on immunosuppressive therapy except for 4 of the 6 participants on dialysis. Table?1 Participant profile (%)test. After the second dose, only 2 of the 17 individuals (12%) remained seronegative, and similarly, neutralizing activity was recognized in all those who seroconverted; yet the imply antiCS-RBD IgG level and inhibition percentages remained lower than those in healthy adolescents, which were significant except in individuals on dialysis in analysis of variance. The only 4 individuals without immunosuppression in our study seroconverted after the 1st dose, but all experienced a lower antiCS-RBD IgG level than the mean in healthy adolescents. Interestingly, 2 individuals who received rituximab 12 months before COVID-19 vaccination in our Rabbit polyclonal to MET study for nephrotic syndrome and lupus nephritis were seronegative after dose 1, and only the patient with lupus nephritis seroconverted after dose 2 but with an IgG level below the range in healthy adolescents; these 2 individuals were on mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone, and in the patient with lupus nephritis, hydroxychloroquine as well. Vortioxetine B cell analysis at 12 months after rituximab treatment before vaccination was available for the patient with nephrotic syndrome and exposed incompletely repleted B cells with CD19+ cell percentage at 5.67% (reference interval 7.73%C16.84%) and an absolute count of 124 cells/L (research interval 177C416 cells/L) as well as a low CD19+ CD27+ Vortioxetine memory space B cell percentage of 0.12% among total lymphocytes, suggesting that incomplete B cell recovery contributed to vaccine failure.5 , 6 The other nonresponder to the second dose in our study was a transplant recipient, who was on triple maintenance immunosuppression with prednisolone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Open in a separate window Number?1 Antibody response to BNT162b2. Antibody response was identified at 21 to 28 days after the 1st and second doses of BNT162b2 in 116 healthy adolescent participants in the Covid-19 Vaccination in Adolescents and Children study and 20 pediatric.